Project Quality Management – processes required to ensure that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken.
项目质量管理-保证项目满足其承担需求所需要的过程。
Quality is the conformance to requirements/specifications and to fitness of use.
质量是与需求/规范的一致性，以及使用的适当性。
Quality function deployment – provide better product definition and product development. Its main feature are to capture the customer’s requirements, ensure cross functional teamwork, and link the main phases of product development.
质量功能展开- 提供更好的产品定义和产品发展。它主要特征是捕捉客户需求，保证交叉功能的联合作业，并连接产品开发的主要阶段。
Rework – action taken to bring a non-conforming item into compliance. Rework is a frequent cause of project overruns.
返工- 为了使不一致的项达到一致而采取的行动。返工是项目超限的常见原因。
华译网北京翻译公司曾经翻译过大量有关项目质量管理的文件,Beijing Chinese Translation Service Company has translated many documents in the field of Project Quality Management。
Quality Variable
质量变量 A quality characteristic that is measurable
可以测量的质量特征
Quality Attribute
质量品质（属性） A quality characteristic that is classified as either conforming or nonconforming
被分类为一致或不一致的质量特征
Benchmarking
基准比较分析（标杆） Comparing practices of other projects. Provides a standard to measure performance (time consuming). (e.g. investigating quality standards that other companies are using)
与其它项目的实践进行对比。提供测量绩效（时间消耗）的标准。（如：调查其他公司正在使用的质量标准）
Statistical Analysis
统计分析 Involves determining the probability of an occurrence
包括确定一个事件发生的概率
Trend Analysis
趋势分析 Uses mathematical techniques to forecast future outcomes based on historical results; used to measure technical, cost, and schedule performance
使用数学工具基于历史结果来预测将来的结果；用于测量技术、成本和时间进度绩效
Quality Audit
质量审计 Structured review of other quality management activities performed to identify lessons learned (used for process improvement) Part of Quality Assurance. Provide management confidence that the project will satisfy relevant quality standards.
对其它质量管理活动结构化的审查，目的是识别质量保证部分的经验教训（用于过程改进）。提供项目将完成相关质量标准的管理信心。
Inspection
检查 Prevent errors from reaching the customer before delivery to the customer. Can be done throughout product development.
在产品交付到客户之前，阻止错误到达客户。可以在产品发展的整个过程实施检查
Design of Experiments
试验设计 A technique to identify which variables have the most influence on overall outcomes (part of Quality Planning) (e.g. analyze the color/size combination that will contribute most to the functionality of the new product). Can be applied to cost and schedule tradeoffs.
一种帮助识别对全部结果产生最大影响的变量因素的技术（质量计划编制的一部分）（如：分析不同的颜色/尺寸组合将是对新产品功能的最大贡献）。可以被用于对成本和时间进度的权衡。
Flow chart
流程图 Help analyze how problems occurs
帮助分析问题如何产生
Attribute Sampling
属性（品质）抽样 Measures whether or not the results conforms to specifications
测量结果是否符合规格。
Variable Sampling
变量抽样 Are characteristic you want to measure (size, shape, weight, etc…). An attribute is what you are measuring. The result is rated on a continuous scale that measures the degree of conformity.
你想测量的特征（尺寸，外型，重量等）。一个属性是你测量的对象。结果是在测量符合程度的连续坐标上排列表示。
Assignable Causes
非机遇原因 Data point on a control chart that requires investigation
在控制图上需要调查研究的数据点
Specification Limit
规范界限 Shows customer’s expectations for quality (on a control chart)
表示客户对质量的期望（在控制图中）
Control Chart
控制图 …help newly assigned project manager determine whether the project is out of control (in order to verify quality level). Can be used to monitor project management processes such as coscard, schedule variance, volume and frequency of scope changes, and errors in project documents.
帮助新指派的项目经理确定项目是否失去控制（为了核实质量层次）。可以监控项目管理过程，比如，coscard，进度偏差，范围变更的幅度和频率，以及在项目文件中的错误。
Statistical Control Chart
统计控制图 Are used to monitor process variations overtime. Help people understand and control their process work.
用于监控超时的过程变化。帮助人们了解和控制他们的过程工作。
“Out of Control”
失去控制 Non-random points that are still within the upper and lower control limit
仍然在上下控制线内的非随机点。
Upper and Lower Control Limit on a Control Chart
控制图的上下控制线 Acceptable range of variation of a process. [These limits are set based on the company’s quality standards. The control limits are determined from data obtained from the process itself.]
过程变化可接受的范围。[这些限制的设立是基于公司的质量标准的。控制限决定于包含在过程本身的数据。]
Specification Limit
规范界限 Fixed by the customer
客户确定
Pareto Diagram
帕累托图 Used to show how results were generated, by type or category of identified cause
用于显示被识别原因的类别或种类是如何产生结果的。
Ishikawa
Ishikawa逻辑图 Made popular Pareto Chart, Cause-and-Effect Diagram and Control Chart
通俗化的帕累托图，因果分析图，控制图
Taguchi Method
Taguchi方法 Is used to estimate the loss associated with controlling or failing to control process variability. If you select good design parameters, you can produce products that are more forgiving and tolerant. The tool helps determine the value or break-even point of improving a process to reduce variability.
用于估算对过程变量的成功控制或失败控制与损失的关系。如果你选择了好的设计参数，你可以生产客户对其有更多宽容和忍耐的产品。这个工具帮助确定为减少可变性而改进过程所得到的价值或平衡点。
ISO 9000
ISO 9000 Provides a basic set of requirements for a quality system, without specifying the particulars for implementation.
为质量系统提供了一套基本要求。对执行没有特殊的说明。
Checklists
检查表 Used to verify that a set of required steps has been performed in quality control process
用于核实一系列要求的步骤在质量控制过程中是否已经实施
“Statistically Independent”
统计独立 Determine if problems are related before planning what to do about them
在计划去做之前确定问题之间是否有关联。
Mutually Exclusive
相互排斥 If two events cannot both occur in a single trial (?)
在同一个试验中两个事件是否不能同时发生（？）
Special Cause
特殊因素 Unusual event
特殊事件
Random Cause
随机因素 Normal process variation
正常过程变动
Cause and Effect Diagram
(Fishbone)
因果关系图
（鱼骨图）

 (1) Creative way to look at actual causes and potential causes of a problem
(1)    查找问题的实际原因和潜在原因的创造性的方法
(2) Process of constructing helps stimulate thinking about an issue; helps to organize thoughts; generates discussion
(2)    刺激关于问题的思考；帮助组织思路；产生讨论
(3) Used to explore a wide variety of topics
(3)    用于探索主题的广泛多样性
(4) Also known as Ishikawa or Fishbone diagram
(4)    也被称为Ishikawa或鱼骨图