近60年中医辨治哮喘研究进展
The Progress of TCM in Treating Asthma Based on The Syndrome During The Last 60 Years

本文主要探讨近60年哮喘从肾辨治的研究进展。
This paper mainly discuss the progress of differential treatment of asthma that from the kidney.

哮喘是一种发作性的痰鸣气喘疾患，以呼吸急促，喉间哮鸣为特征。其病理特点是有宿根，为宿痰（寒痰、热痰）内伏于肺，为诱因所触发。现代医学支气管哮喘一病，可按哮喘辨治。
Asthma is kind of disease that attack of sputum stridor and breathe heavily, the feature is shortness of breath and throat wheezing.  The pathological features are perennial sputum (cold sputum, hot sputum), depositing in the lung, and triggered by the inducing factors.  Bronchial asthma in modern Medicine can differentially treated as asthma.
王伟等用清肺纳肾平喘汤治疗30例支气管哮喘急性发作期患者，辨证属肾虚痰热型。将60例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例，治疗组采用中西医结合治疗，在与对照组相同的西药治疗基础上采用自拟清肺纳肾平喘方药(炙麻黄12g、生石膏30g、地龙10g、白果10g、杏仁12g、半夏10g、黄芩12g、鱼腥草30g、丹参15g、补骨脂12g、淫羊藿12g、甘草6g)，连服7d；对照组采用单纯西药治疗，用抗气道炎症、抗感染、化痰平喘等方法对症处理，连用7d。结果：治疗组临床控制7例，显效11例，有效10例，无效2例，总有效率93．3%。对照组临床控制4例，显效6例，有效12例，无效8例，总有效率73．3%。
Wangwei and others used Qingfei Nashen Pingchuan Tang to treat 30 cases of bronchial asthma who were in acute attack stage and the syndrome differing was belonged to kidney deficiency of hot sputum type. Divided the 60 patients into 2 groups randomly, there were 30 patients in each group，the treatment group was combined TCM and Western Medicine treatment, and on the base of the same using of western medicine as the control group, the treatment group used self-drawed prescription of Qingfei Nashen Pingchuan Tang(Zhimahuang 12g, Shengshigao 30g, Dilong 10g, Baiguo 10g, Xinren 12g, Banxia 10g, Huangqin 12g, Yuxingcao 30g, Danshen 15g, Buguzhi 12g, Yinyanghuo 12g, Gancao 6g), took it for seven days; The control group only used western medicine which, took the methods of anti-inflammation, anti-infection, Huatan and ceasing the asthma which were aimed at the corresponding symptom, took it for seven days. Results: 7 cases were controled in clinic, 11 cases showed obvious effect, 10 cases showed effect, 2 cases showed no effect, the total efficiency of treatment group was 93.3%. 4 cases were controled in clinic, 6 cases showed obvious effect, 12 cases showed effect, 8 cases showed no effect, the total efficiency of control group was 73.3%.

马君等在临床中发现，对部分哮喘发作期患者，用补益肺肾的方法也有一定疗效。
MaJun and others found in the clinic that it had certain effect to invigorating the lung and kidney to the asthma patients who were at the attack stage.

石亚杰等2005年总结：近年来，中西医结合研究发现，肾虚贯穿于哮喘整个过程。
Shi Yajie and others made the summary in 2005: In recent years, the study during the combination of TCM and Western Medicine found that kidney deficiency was existed throughout the whole process of asthma

华译网北京翻译公司翻译过大量有关近60年中医辨治哮喘研究进展文件资料,Beijing Chinese Translation Service Company has translated many technical documents about This paper mainly discuss the progress of differential treatment of asthma that from the kidney.
张智娟等2006年总结：近年来在补肾法的中医药实验研究、理论探讨、临床研究等诸方面均取得了丰硕成果和可喜进展，肾虚与哮喘的联系已得到了充分的证实，肾与支气管哮喘的发生发展、预后转归有着密切的联系，肾虚成为哮喘的根本，补肾法已不囿于“急则治其标、缓则治其本”的传统原则，而广泛运用于哮喘的各期，为中医治疗本病特别是远期防治方面展示了广阔的前景。
Zhang zhijuan and others made the summary in 2006:The methods of invigorating kidney have been fruitful and achieved encouraging progress in recent years in the fields of TCM laboratory research, theoretical study, Clinical research, the link  between kidney deficiency and asthma has been fully confirmed, kidney closely related to the occurrence and the development, recovery of asthma, Kidney have become the root of asthma, The invigorating of kidney was not limited to the traditional principles of "Acute disease is to treat the symptoms ease is to treat the root ", and it was widely used in each periods of asthma,  it displayed a broad prospect for the using of TCM to treat the disease especially the long-term prevention .

（三）其他辨治规律的研究进展：
(Ⅲ) The Progress Of Other Differential Treatment:

如：Such as:
张玲认为，哮喘发病责之瘀血。
Zhangling thought that ccongestion of blood is the reason of asthma.

李石青认为，哮喘发作从表里分类可以抓住病机重点， 加强治疗的针对性。大凡风寒外束，或夹饮邪，皆属表，为清邪；而痰火、痰浊、瘀阻等皆属里，为浊邪。
Li Shiqing thought that classified the asthma attack by the exterior and interior can seize the keystone of pathogenesis and enhanced the targeted treatment. Cold wind binding up at the body surface, or also had the Yin evil, all belonged to Surface, were clear evil; but sputum fire, turbid sputum, stagnation were all belonged inside, were turbid evil.

曹世宏认为，哮病属本虚，尤以阳气亏虚为本，标实在气郁痰凝血瘀。
Cao Shihong took asthma as the deficiency of body, especial the Yang Qi deficiency and it was the root, gloomy Qi made the coagulation of sputum and the stagnation of blood.

徐丽华根据中医病理变化，结合西医分型标准，将支气管哮喘发作期患者分为：①风邪束肺型，该型与现代医学过敏性哮喘类同；②痰邪阻肺型，属现代医学内源性或部分混合性哮喘；③气滞肺郁型，见于过敏性及混合性患者，为夜间发作，与植物神经功能有关；④痰瘀互阻型，见于混合性重症哮喘。经观察伴有气阴不足、肺肾亏虚者，多为病情重、病史长、长期服用激素，或全身情况差、免疫功能低下者。
Xu Lihua classified the bronchial asthma attack four types according to the rules of pathological changes of TCM and combining Western-type standard: ①Wind-Eivl tied the lung, and the type was similar to the modern medicine allergic asthma; ②Sputum evil blocked the lung, it was endogenous or partially mixed asthma of Modern Medicine; ③ Qi stagnation and lung gloomed type, it was found in allergy and mixed patients, always attacked at night, and related to autonomic function; ④ Phlegm and stasis blood resisted each other, it was seen in the mixed severe asthma.  It was found that most the patients who got Yin-Qi deficiency accompanied by lung and kidney deficiency were in severe state, long history, long-term use of hormones, or poor general condition, immunocompromised through the clinical observation.