摘要：水库蓄水时水温一般比坝体低，引起坝体表面温度骤降，容易产生劈头裂缝。本文以景洪RCC重力坝为研究对象，研究了大坝蓄水前应达到的温度控制标准，根据实际施工情况，确定了合理的温控措施以满足蓄水要求，以期对同类工程供以参考。
Abstract: Generally water temperature is lower than the dam temperature in reservoir impounding, which will lead to the abrupt temperature drop of the dam surface, and cleavage cracks will be easily formed in this process. Taken Jinghong RCC Gravity Dam as researching subject, temperature control standard which should be reached before dam impounding is studied in this thesis. According to practical construction conditions, reasonable temperature control measures are determined to satisfy impounding requirements and for reference by the same kind of project.
关键词：蓄水、温度应力、水管冷却
Key Words: Impounding; Thermal Stress; Pipe Cooling
常态混凝土在浇时一般都设纵缝，在并缝灌浆前进行二期冷却，蓄水时坝体温度接近稳定温度，内外温差较小，产生劈头裂缝的危险性小。
Generally, longitudinal seams will be set in the pouring of normal concrete, and secondary cooling will be conducted before grouting of the seams. During impounding, the temperature of the dam will be close to the stable temperature with little temperature difference between internal and external of the dam, thus the risk of cleavage cracks will be small.
与常态混凝土相比，碾压混凝土水泥用量小，粉煤灰掺量大。而粉煤灰有延迟发热的特点，因此，碾压混凝土具有绝热温升低，温升速度慢，后期温升大的特点。坝碾压混凝土坝一般无二期水冷，大坝的后期散热仅靠自然散热，温度降到稳定温度需要很长的时间，像龙滩碾压混凝土大坝这样的大坝，需要100年以上内部温度才接近稳定温度。因此大坝会在较长的一段时间内处于高温状态，低温季节及寒潮等不利气候条件时，内外温差大更易出现裂缝。
Compared with normal concrete, roller compacted concrete is using small amount of cement and large amount of fly-ash. However, with the delayed heat generation of the fly-ash, roller compacted concrete has the characteristics of low adiabatic temperature rise, slow temperature rising speed, and large anaphase temperature rise. Normally, secondary water cooling is not conducted to the roller compacted concrete dam. Anaphase heat dissipation of the dam mainly relies on natural heat dissipation, which will take a long time for the temperature to stable. For dams like Longtan RCC Dam, it will take more than 100 years for the stable of their internal temperature. That is to say, the dam will be remained in a high temperature status for a long period of time. During low temperature season, cold wave, or other adverse climates, cracks will easily appear on the dam with the large internal and external temperature difference.

华译网北京翻译公司翻译过大量有关重力坝蓄水温控研究的文件资料,Beijing Chinese Translation Service Company has translated many technical documents about Research on Temperature Control of Impounding of Gravity Dam
由于碾压混凝土坝高温持续时间长，初次蓄水或水温低时会引起较大的内外温差，在坝上游面强约束区受内外温差和基础温差双重作用，极易出现劈头裂缝。
Due to long duration of high temperature of the roller compacted concrete dam, initial impounding or low temperature water will cause large temperature difference. With the double effect of internal and external temperature difference and foundation temperature difference on the high constraint region of upstream dam surface, cleavage cracks will easily occur.
中国南方某些河流源头为高山冰雪融水，如怒江，澜沧江，在长途奔流后水温仍很低，与气温差距大，如不对坝体采取人工降温的措施的话，初次蓄水时坝体会由于内外温差引起的表面拉应力过大而产生裂缝。
Sources of some rivers of south China are melt-water from high mountains, such as Nu River and Lancang River. After flowing for a long distance, its temperature is still very low with great difference with the air temperature. If artificial cooling measures are not taken to the dam, cracks will be produced by surface tensile strength caused by internal and external temperature difference in initial impounding.