期刊缩写       POWDER METALL

期刊全称       POWDER METALLURGY 粉末冶金学

期刊ISSN      0032-5899

2012-2013最新影响因子     0.584

期刊官方网站       http://maney.co.uk/index.php/journals/pom/?back=1

              http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder_metallurgy

期刊投稿网址       http://www.editorialmanager.com/pom/

通讯方式       MANEY PUBLISHING, STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS, ENGLAND, W YORKS, LS3 1AB

涉及的研究方向    工程技术-冶金工程

出版国家       ENGLAND

出版周期       Quarterly

出版年份       0

年文章数       56

 

 

Powder metallurgy is the process of blending fine powdered materials, pressing them into a desired shape or form (compacting), and then heating the compressed material in a controlled atmosphere to bond the material (sintering). The powder metallurgy process generally consists of four basic steps: powder manufacture, powder blending, compacting, and sintering. Compacting is generally performed at room temperature, and the elevated-temperature process of sintering is usually conducted at atmospheric pressure. Optional secondary processing often follows to obtain special properties or enhanced precision.The use of powder metal technology bypasses the need to manufacture the resulting products by metal removal processes, thereby reducing costs.

 

Powder metallurgy is also used in "3D printing" of metals. See Selective laser melting and selective laser sintering.

 

 

History and capabilities

The history of powder metallurgy (P/M) and the art of metals and ceramics sintering are intimately related to each other. Sintering involves the production of a hard solid metal or ceramic piece from a starting powder. "While a crude form of iron powder metallurgy existed in Egypt as early as 3000 B.C, the smiths of India produced the famous "Delhi Iron Pillar", weighing about 6.5 tons, and other objects even larger as early as 300 A.D, and the ancient Incas made jewelry and other artifacts from precious metal powders, mass manufacturing of P/M products did not begin until the mid- or late- 19th century".In these early manufacturing operations, iron was extracted by hand from metal sponge following reduction and was then reintroduced as a powder for final melting or sintering.

 

A much wider range of products can be obtained from powder processes than from direct alloying of fused materials. In melting operations the "phase rule" applies to all pure and combined elements and strictly dictates the distribution of liquid and solid phases which can exist for specific compositions. In addition, whole body melting of starting materials is required for alloying, thus imposing unwelcome chemical, thermal, and containment constraints on manufacturing. Unfortunately, the handling of aluminium/iron powders poses major problems.[3] Other substances that are especially reactive with atmospheric oxygen, such as titanium, are sinterable in special atmospheres or with temporary coatings.

 

In powder metallurgy or ceramics it is possible to fabricate components which otherwise would decompose or disintegrate. All considerations of solid-liquid phase changes can be ignored, so powder processes are more flexible than casting, extrusion, or forging techniques. Controllable characteristics of products prepared using various powder technologies include mechanical, magnetic,and other unconventional properties of such materials as porous solids, aggregates, and intermetallic compounds. Competitive characteristics of manufacturing processing (e.g., tool wear, complexity, or vendor options) also may be closely controlled.