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南非土木工程施工标准 CS1部分：钢结构 英文原文节选 20100079 2-7 |
4.6 Workmanship — Erection
4.6.1 General
4.6.1.1 Handling and storage
Components shall be handled and stored clear of the ground in such a manner as to minimize the
risk of surface abrasion and damage.
Fasteners and similar small fittings shall be stored under cover in dry conditions.
4.6.1.2 Damaged steelwork
Any steelwork damaged during off-loading, transportation, storage or erection shall be restored to
comply with the standards for fabrication as given in this part of SANS 2001.
4.6.1.3 Column base plates and slabs
Steel packings shall be used to allow the structure to be properly aligned and levelled and shall be
of sufficient size to avoid local crushing of the concrete or distortion of the base plate under
construction loads.
Base packings shall be placed so that they do not prevent subsequent grouting from completely
filling all spaces directly under the base plates.
Base packings shall be left permanently in place.
4.6.1.4 Cladding
Cladding of a structure can only commence following acceptance of the structure. Unless otherwise
stated in the specification data, a structure shall have been aligned and levelled within the
permissible deviations given in 5.4.3 and grouting shall have been completed.
4.6.2 Site operations
4.6.2.1 Hard standings
The load spread under cranes and lifting plant shall not exceed the strength of the hard standing or
that stated in the specification data.
4.6.2.2 Temporary restraints and supports until permanent features are built
Temporary bracing or supports that will be necessary until walls, floors or other non-steel structures
are built, shall be installed and kept in position as long as they are required.
4.6.2.3 Other temporary restraints or supports
Temporary restraints during erection shall be removed after the structure has been aligned, levelled
and plumbed, provided that sufficient steelwork or permanent bracing (or both) has been erected.
4.6.2.4 Erection loads
No part of the structure shall be permanently distorted by stacking of materials or temporary
erection loads during the erection process.
SANS 2001-CS1:2005
Edition 1
20
4.6.3 Alignment and levelling
4.6.3.1 Alignment of parts of the structure
Each part of the structure shall be aligned as soon as is practicable after it has been erected.
Permanent connections shall not be made between members until a large enough portion of the
structure has been aligned, levelled, plumbed and temporarily connected to ensure that members
will not be displaced during subsequent erection or alignment of the remainder of the structure.
4.6.3.2 Temperature effects
Unless otherwise specified, due account shall be taken of the effects of temperature on the
structure and on tapes and instruments when measurements are made for setting out during
erection, and for subsequent dimensional checks. The reference temperature shall be 20 °C unless
otherwise stated in the specification data.
4.6.4 Grouting of supports
4.6.4.1 Timing
All grouting shall be completed before cladding or loading is applied to the structure.
4.6.4.2 Preparation
No bedding or grouting shall be carried out until enough of the structure has been aligned or, for
multistorey buildings, until a sufficient number of bottom lengths of stanchions has been aligned,
levelled and plumbed and adequately braced by means of other structural components that have
been levelled and are securely held by their permanent connections.
Steel wedges or packings or other levelling devices of adequate strength and rigidity shall be used
to support the steelwork. Immediately before being grouted, the space and all pockets under the
steel shall be cleared of all debris and free water.
4.6.4.3 Bedding of stanchions in foundation pockets
Before steel sections are embedded in concrete, the complete specified corrosion protection system
shall be applied to each member down to at least 100 mm below the level of the concrete. In the case
of a paint system, an additional final coat of the specified protection shall be applied to at least
100 mm above and below the level of the concrete.
Where grouting forms part of the works, stanchions in pocket bases shall be grouted with dense
concrete that has a characteristic cube strength at 28 d of not less than that of the surrounding
concrete base, or 20 MPa, whichever is the greater, and with a maximum aggregate size of 10 mm. At
least two-thirds of the depth of the pocket shall be filled initially and the stanchions shall then remain
undisturbed for at least 48 h (or an equivalent period where rapid-hardening or high alumina cement is
used) after which the pocket shall be filled.
4.6.5 Site welding
Site welding shall be carried out in accordance with 4.4.
Welding shall not be permitted during inclement weather, unless adequate protective measures are
taken.
4.6.6 Site bolting
Site bolting shall be carried out in accordance with 4.5.原件下载：  |
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